291 SCOTT v. DIST. OF COLUMBIA Cite as 87 F.Supp.3d 291 (D.D.C. 2015) award to a plaintiff is based on four factors: ‘‘(1) the character of the defendants’ act, (2) the nature and extent of harm to the plaintiffs that the defendants caused or intended to cause, (3) the need for deterrence, and (4) the wealth of the defendants.’’ Id. (quoting Acosta v. The Islamic Republic of Iran, 574 F.Supp.2d 15, 30 (D.D.C.2008)). [11, 12] The Kims have sufficiently demonstrated that the relevant factors weigh in favor of awarding punitive damages. See Bodoff, 907 F.Supp.2d at 105 (explaining the four-factor test for punitive damages). The character of North Korea’s acts against Reverend Kim are ‘‘awful and worthy of the gravest condemnation.’’ Roth, 78 F.Supp.3d 379, 405, 2015 WL 349208 at *18 (applying the first factor of the four-part punitive damages test). North Korea has caused irreparable emotional and psychological harm to the Kims. See Bodoff, 907 F.Supp.2d at 105. The abduction and presumed torture by North Korea of missionaries seeking to aid refugees warrants significant deterrence. See id. Usually, the wealth of the defendant is determined by the foreign sovereign’s annual expenditures in support of terrorist activities. Roth, 78 F.Supp.3d 379, 405, 2015 WL 349208 at *18. No such information for North Korea is readily accessible, though, if it is accessible at all. Calderon– Cardona v. Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, 723 F.Supp.2d 441, 484–485 (D.P.R.2010). Accordingly, punitive damages will be awarded collectively in the amount of $300 million, which is within the range of punitive damages awarded by other courts in FSIA actions. See, e.g., Oveissi, 879 F.Supp.2d at 56–57 (awarding $300 million in punitive damages and collecting FSIA cases where similar punitive damages amounts were awarded); Calderon–Cardona, 723 F.Supp.2d at 485 (award- ing $300 million in punitive damages against North Korea). CONCLUSION Because the D.C. Circuit has ordered that default judgment be entered against the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea and the Kims provided evidence supporting an award of damages, default judgment will be entered, each plaintiff will be awarded $15 million in compensatory damages, and punitive damages totaling $300 million will be assessed against North Korea. A final order accompanies this memorandum opinion. , DeAngelo SCOTT and Ryan Pratt, Plaintiffs, v. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, Defendant. Civil Action No. 14–817 (GK) United States District Court, District of Columbia. Signed April 9, 2015 Background: Former arrestees, who were charged with misdemeanors and given option of posting and forfeiting amount of money as collateral in return for their release, filed putative class action under § 1983 against District of Columbia, claiming violation of Fourth and Fifth Amendments and common law conversion by District’s post and forfeit procedures. District moved to dismiss for lack of subject matter jurisdiction or, alternatively, for failure to state claim.

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