478 723 FEDERAL SUPPLEMENT, 2d SERIES No. 35) and resident of Puerto Rico on May 30, 1972. He died in 1982. (Exhibit No. 40) Miguel was a police officer who was killed in the line of duty while attempting to thwart a robbery. (Trial Transcript, Dec. 3, 2009, p. 65, ln. 10–17) Prior to his death, Miguel experienced emotional pain and suffering, loss of his father’s society, companionship, comfort, advice and counsel and had suffered severe mental anguish and extreme emotional distress. Hilda testified at trial that the death of Carmelo affected Miguel the most of all the children, because he was the youngest and at that time was still living at home with Carmelo and Eladia. (Trial Transcript, Dec. 3, 2009, p. 52, ln. 2–6) Hilda described Miguel as a ‘‘very happy’’ person prior to the Lod Airport Attack. She said that Miguel ‘‘was the one that would bring life to the parties TTT he was the one that sort of would give life to the house. And after that [the Lod Airport Attack], well, he wasn’t the same. After it, he wasn’t the same.’’ (Trial Transcript, Dec. 3, 2009, p. 52, ln. 7–11) Luz testified at trial that Miguel’s relationship with Carmelo was ‘‘very good,’’ and that he reacted to his father’s murder ‘‘how we all reacted, with a lot of pain and sadness.’’ (Trial Transcript, Dec. 3, 2009, p. 70, ln. 16–21) [7] Because Miguel was an American citizen, his Estate has a direct cause of action under section 1605A. Miguel suffered in many ways from the attack. His family life was permanently disrupted and his childhood and past relationship with his parents and siblings were marred. Miguel’s Estate is therefore entitled to the following award under each of the following claims enumerated in plaintiffs’ Complaint: 1. first claim for relief (for damages under 28 U.S.C. § 1605A(c)); namely, that defendants provided material support and resources which caused and facilitated the Lod Airport Attack; 2. fourth claim for relief; namely, that defendants’ behavior (a) was intended to and did in fact terrorize Miguel and cause him severe emotional distress, (b) was willful, outrageous, egregious, and dangerous to human life, and violated applicable criminal law, all international standards of civilized human conduct and common decency, and (c) was outrageous in the extreme, wanton, willful and malicious, and constituted a threat to the public at large, warranting an award of punitive damages; 3. fifth claim for relief; namely, (a) that the murder of Carmelo by the JRA caused Miguel to be deprived of the services, society and solatium of his deceased father, and to suffer severe mental anguish, bereavement and grief, and injury to his feelings, and (b) that defendants’ conduct as specified here was outrageous in the extreme, wanton, willful and malicious, and constituted a threat to the public at large, and therefore Miguel is entitled to an award of punitive damages against defendants; 4. eighth claim for relief; namely, that defendants knowingly and willingly conspired, planned and agreed to sponsor and provide material support and resources for the commission of acts of extrajudicial killing by terrorist organizations, including the attack at the airport in which Carmelo was killed, and as a result and by reason of the death of Carmelo, which was caused by defendants’ conspiracy described here, Miguel suffered the damages enumerated here; and 5. ninth claim for relief; namely, that defendants knowingly and willingly carried out tortious acts in concert with others pursuant to a common design, which resulted in extrajudicial killings by terrorist organizations, including the Lod Airport Attack at the airport in which Carmelo